Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems for Stainless Steel Fans

In modern buildings, fire compartments and smoke compartments are essential.

Primary structural components include firewalls (function: information security protection), fire-rated doors and windows, and floor slabs. Key mechanical equipment comprises stainless steel fans (ventilation fans) and fire dampers. These systems enable fire suppression, smoke exhaust, and fire containment functions. Fire compartments and smoke compartments operate as two independent systems.

Two primary distinctions exist:

- Different installation requirements: Fire zones cover larger areas than smoke zones.

- Larger compartmentalization: Fire zones are divided into larger compartments than smoke zones.

- Higher fire resistance requirements for materials.

The purpose of compartmentalization differs:

- Fire zones primarily contain fires within defined spaces.

- Smoke zones primarily prevent smoke from randomly dispersing within a specified timeframe.

However, a fire compartment may consist of multiple smoke exhaust compartments. For fire compartments that cannot intersect with smoke exhaust compartments, each smoke exhaust compartment's floor area must not exceed 500 square meters. Any public building exceeding 50 meters in height, and residential buildings exceeding 100 meters, must employ mechanical exhaust methods regardless of whether natural exhaust devices are present.

Design Requirements for Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems Using Stainless Steel Fans:

1. For systems serving more than two smoke control zones, the exhaust capacity shall be calculated at no less than 120 cubic meters per hour per square meter of each zone.

2. Smoke exhaust capacity for a single smoke control zone shall be calculated at no less than 60 cubic meters per hour per square meter.

3. The exhaust capacity of a single stainless steel fan shall not be less than 7,200 cubic meters per hour. Due to its characteristics—excellent high-temperature resistance, high efficiency, and air leakage (conditions)—a 10% margin of safety must be added to the calculated actual exhaust capacity when determining the head.